Picture Exploration - Sea Lamprey

Identify Sea Lamprey

Sea Lamprey made their way into the Great Lakes. Now they harm fish species by sucking their blood.
Learn how to identify sea lamprey in these photos and answer questions so that you can protect our lakes!
 
sea lamprey eggs in an aquarium
Sea Lamprey eggs are deposited upstream from lakes. Sea lamprey can move rocks as big as baseballs to create nesting habitats. Female sea lamprey can lay between 80,000 and 100,000 eggs at a time.

NPS/C. Risko

 
Sea lamprey larva in an aquarium
In the larva stage, sea lamprey do not feed on fish. They don't even have mouths! Between 3 and 10 years these larvae will stay in the stream beds where they were born. They filter nutrients from the water. Before they move out to open water they grow eyes, teeth and a mouth.

NPS/C. Risko

 
A sea lamprey stares out of an aquarium
Sea lamprey grow eyes, a mouth and teeth to transition into their parasitic juvenile stage. Now they are ready to explore open waters and find a host fish. Sea lamprey gills are in a straight line behind the eye. These gills are excellent filters allowing them to transition from ocean habitat to the freshwater Great Lakes.

NPS/C. Risko

 
Two full grown sea lamprey in an aquarium. One has its mouth pressed gainst the glass revealing sharp teeth.
In the Great Lakes adult sea lamprey grow to 1 or 2 feet in length. Their newly formed mouths feature 5 to 7 rows of teeth, with a sharp tongue to puncture their host's body.

NPS/L. Pickart

 
A member of the Michigan DNR holds an adult sea lamprey
Since sea lamprey made their way into the Great Lakes they have been a problem for native species, like lake trout. During their parasitic stage, sea lamprey consume up to 40 pounds of fish. Sea lamprey are not harmful to humans, but they can attach with suction like this one is. Scientists use poison, barriers and other methods to remove sea lamprey from the Great Lakes and protect native fish species.

NPS/L. Pickart

 

How many Eggs can a female sea lamprey produce?

A. 20 to 100
B. 500 to 1000
C. 80,000 to 100,000
D. 250,000 to 500,000

 

How long do lamprey stay in their larval stage?

A. 6 weeks
B. 6 months
C. 12 months
D. 3 - 10 years

 

How many rows of teeth do sea lamprey have?

A. 3
B. 5-7
C. 10
D. 32

 

How many pounds of fish do sea lamprey consume in their lifetime?

A. 4 pounds
B. 12 pounds
C. 40 pounds
D. 100 pounds

 

How big do sea lamprey get in the Great Lakes?

A. 6 - 8 inches
B. 1 - 2 feet
C. 2 - 4 feet
D. 6 feet

 

Invading Invasives

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Last updated: January 9, 2025

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